THE GUARDIAN: Some of today’s far right is openly violent and undemocratic – and even in its less extreme forms, far-right populism is a profound threat. But that doesn’t mean it is just a re-run of history
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EXTRACT:
Fascism emerged in the 20th century, amid societies that were scarred by the violence of the first world war and the instability, hunger and mass unemployment that trailed in its wake and where a growing workers’ movement threatened to wrest power from trad¬itional governing elites. In response to a feeling of national humiliation or betrayal, fascism promised national rebirth through the violent cleansing of enemies at home, and imperial conquest abroad, in return for abandoning democracy. Its base lay among the frustrated lower middle classes, but it rapidly gained cross-class support. Its supporters were organised into parties with uniformed paramilitary wings. They operated in what Paxton called an “uneasy but effective collaboration” with traditional governing elites, for whom fascism was a way to maintain order and crush the left. (Those elites were wrong: they saw fascism as their attack dog, but it ate them alive.)
Read the whole article, ‘The Long Read’, jere.